Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the pasta and cook according to package directions until al dente. Drain the pasta and set aside.
Preheat your grill to high heat. Place the corn on the grill and cook for 5-10 minutes, turning occasionally, until charred.
Remove the corn from the grill and let cool slightly. Cut the corn off the cob and set aside.
Cut the red onion into small pieces.
In a large bowl, whisk together the yogurt, mayonnaise, lime juice, chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, and garlic powder.
Add the cooked pasta, lettuce, black beans, charred corn, red onion, and shredded chicken (if using) to the large bowl with the dressing.
Toss to coat.
Stir in the crumbled Cotija cheese or dairy-free feta.
Chill the salad in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes before serving.